Abies Webbiana (Talispatra)
Abies Webbiana leaves are helpful in diseases such as cough, asthma, chronic bronchitis, common cold, sneezing, allergic rhinitis and upper respiratory infections.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
| Scientific Name | ABIES WEBBIANA |
| Plant Family | PINACEAE (PINES) |
| Hindi Name | TALISPATRA |
| Sanskrit Name | TALISAPATRAM, MANDUPARNI |
| English Name | HIMALAYAN SILVER FIR |
| Other Name | MADHURAPATRA |
Botanical Classification (Taxonomy)
| Kingdom | PLANTAE |
| Sub-Kingdom | VIRIDIPLANTAE |
| Infra Kingdom | STREPTOPHYTA (land plants) |
| Super Division | EMBRYOPHYTA |
| Division | TRACHEOPHYTA (TRACHEOPHYTES or Vascular Plants) |
| Sub Division | SPERMATOPHYTINA (SPERMATOPHYTES or Seed Plants) |
| Class | PINOPSIDA (CONIFERS) |
| Subclass | PINIDAE |
| Order | PINALES (PINES) |
| Family | PINACEAE (PINES) |
| Genus | ABIES |
| Species | ABIES WEBBIANA |
MEDICINAL PARTS
- Leaves
The leaves of talish patra have therapeutic significance. These are effective in all respiratory diseases.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES
Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) has following healing properties.
- Bronchodilator
- Mucolytic
- Antitussive
- Expectorant (mild)
- Anti-inflammatory (on lungs and airways)
- Respiratory tonic
- Antiviral
- Antibacterial
- Antimicrobial
- Anxiolytic
- Antispasmodic
- Carminative
- Astringent (mild)
THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS
Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) is helpful in following health conditions.
Lungs & Airways
- Common cold
- Chronic bronchitis
- Asthma
- Hemoptysis
- Productive cough
- Chronic productive Cough
- Whooping cough (pertussis)
- Upper respiratory tract infections
Digestive Health
- Gas or flatulence
- Bloating
- Abdominal distension
BENEFITS & MEDICINAL USES
Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) helps in almost all respiratory diseases. Its leaves have anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory action on airways and lungs. Leaves also work as antibacterial, antiviral and antimicrobial, so leaves are also effective in infections of upper respiratory tract.
Common cold
The decoction of Talispatra leaves relieves watery discharge, sneezing and nasal congestion. Due to antiviral properties, it helps eradicating common cold infections within 1 to 3 days. Usually, leaves work better when used along with black pepper and ginger and long pepper.
Chronic bronchitis & Asthma
Talispatra leaves are mucolytic, antitussive and anti-inflammatory. Due to these properties, Talispatra leaves clear the airways and dissolve thick mucus accumulated in the lungs. Further, they also reduce mucus production. Therefore, they help reducing symptoms of chronic bronchitis and asthma.
In addition to these, talish leaves also have bronchodilatory action, which eases in breathing. Anxiolytic property also reduces mental stress associated with persistent cough and asthma and brings sound sleep at night.
Productive cough
Abies Webbiana leaves have mucolytic, antitussive and expectorant action, so they help relieving productive cough.
DOSAGE
The dosage of Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) is given in following table.
| Talispatra Leaves powder | 1 to 3 grams |
| Maximum Daily Dosage | 6 grams per day |
| Leaves Decoction | Prepared with 3 grams Talispatra powder in 200 ml water and reduced to 50 ml water |
CAUTION & SIDE EFFECTS
Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) is POSSIBLY SAFE in therapeutic dosage less than 2 grams per day. However, excess dosage and unwise use of Abies Webbiana can cause following side effects.
- Heartburn
- Mouth ulcer
- Vertigo (reeling sensation)
- Worsen the ulcer condition
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) is also used in pregnant women for relieving productive cough and other respiratory problems. The safest dosage is less than 2 grams per day during pregnancy. No information is available regarding the safety and efficacy of Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) in excess dosage.
Contraindications
You should not take Abies Webbiana (Talispatra) leaves powder of decoction in following cases.
- Acute phase of ulcerative colitis
- Mouth ulcer
- Severe burning sensation in the abdomen
- Heartburn
Scientific Classification
The botanical name of Talispatra is Abies webbiana Lindl. It belongs to plant family Pinaceae. Below is given taxonomical classification of the plant.
- Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
- Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
- Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
- Division: Coniferophyta – Conifers
- Class: Pinopsida
- Order: Pinales
- Family: Pinaceae – Pine family
- Genus: Abies Mill. – fir P
- Species: Abies webbiana
Synonyms
- Abies spectabilis (D. Don) Spach.
- Pinus webbiana Wall. ex Lamb.
- Pinus spectabilis D. Don.
Part(s) used for medicinal purpose: Leaves
Plant type: Pine Tree
Distribution: The great Himalaya, Kashmir to Assam, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Bengal, Nepal.
Vernacular names
- Latin name: Abies webbiana
- Ayurveda: Patradhyam, Patradhya, Talisa, Talisapatra, Talisha, Dhatriparni, Dhatripatra तालीसपत्र, तालीस, धात्रीपत्र
- Unani: Talisapattar
- Siddha: Talispatri
- Assamese: Talish
- Bengali: Talish Pala, Taleesh Patra बर्मि
- English: Himalayan Siver, Indian Silver Fir, The West-Himalayan High-Level Fir, The East-Himalayan Fir
- Gujrati: Talish Patra
- Hindi: Talish Patra तालीसपतर
- Kannada: Tales Patra, Talisapathra, Shukodara
- Malayalam: Talisapatra, Taleesapatri
- Marathi: Laghu Taleespatra
- Oriya: Talis
- Tamil: Talispatra, Taleesapatri
- Telugu: Taleesapatri
- Urdu: Zarnab
- Folk: Badar, Chilrow, Morinda, Raisalla, Talispatra
- Bhutia: Dunshing
- Nepali: Gobray salla
In many parts of India the leaves of Taxus wallichiana, and Rhododendron anthopogon are used as Talispatra.
Constituents of Talispatra
The leaves contain biflavonoid, abiesin, n-triacontanol, beta-sitosterol, and betuloside.
Essential oil from leaves contains alpha-pinene, l-limonene, deltacarene, dipentene, l-bornyl acetate, and l-cardinene. The oil is used in respiratory ailments both internally, and externally.
Ayurvedic Properties, and Action of Talispatra
In Ayurveda, Talis / Talisha consist of dried needle like leaves of Abies webbiana. It has sweet, bitter, and pungent taste, and hot in potency. It is mainly indicated in respiratory disorders, phthisis, and excessive phlegm. It is good for the heart, improves appetite, and balances Vata, and Kapha.
Talisadi Churna which is prepared from Talisa Patra (Abies webbiana leaf), Trikatu, Dalchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), ela (Elettaria cardamomum), Vanshalochna (Bambusa arundinacea), and Misri, is given to treat acute-chronic allergic bronchitis, asthma, cough, and digestive disorders. In chronic asthma it reduces the frequency, and severity of asthmatic attacks.
- Rasa (taste on the tongue): Madhura (Sweet), Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter)
- Guna (Pharmacological Action): Laghu (Light), Tikshna (Sharp)
- Virya: Ushna (Heating)
- Vipaka (transformed state after digestion): Katu (Pungent)
- Action: Dipana, Hridya, Vatakaphapham, Shleshmapittajit
Therapeutic uses: Swasa (chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases), kasa (cough), gulma (tumor), Agnimandya (hypochlorhydria), amadosha (amoebiasis), hikka (hiccup), chhardi (vomiting), krimi (helminthiasis), and mukharoga (mouth disorders).
Important formulations: Drakshadi Churna, Talisadi Churna, Bhaskara Lavana, Talispatra churna, Pranada Gutika, Jatiphaladi Churna, Puga Khanda, Talisadi Modak
Important Medicinal Properties
Talis leaves are rich in medicinal properties. The understanding of these properties will help us to better utilize this herb / plant. These also indicate the conditions in which we should avoid it. For example, it has contraceptive, and thermogenic properties, and therefore should not be used while trying for pregnancy. Below is given medicinal properties along with the meaning.
- Aromatic: pleasant, and distinctive smell.
- Anticatarrhal: remove excess mucous from the body.
- Antitussive: prevent or relieve a cough.
- Antispasmodic: used to relieve spasm of involuntary muscle.
- Antirheumatic: alleviating or preventing rheumatism.
- Antiseptic: Capable of preventing infection by inhibiting the growth of infectious agents.
- Appetizer: improves appetite.
- Aphrodisiac: stimulates sexual desire.
- Anti–inflammatory: Reducing inflammation by acting on body
- Antipyretic/antifebrile/febrifuge: Effective against fever. Significantly lowers body temperature in the fever.
- Carminative: Preventing the formation or causing the expulsion of flatulence.
- Decongestant: used to relieve nasal congestion.
- Expectorant: promotes the secretion of sputum by the air passages, used to treat coughs.
- Blood purifiers: removes toxins.
- Female antifertility: capable of or tending to reduce or destroy fertility / contraceptive.
Medicinal Uses of Talispatra
The leaf powder / juice of Abies webbiana or Talispatra is indicated in Asthma, Bronchitis, Cough, Fever, Gas, Headache, Hemoptysis, Hoarseness, Neuralgia, Phthisis, and Splenosis (acquired condition defined as autotransplantation of viable splenic tissue throughout different anatomic compartments of the body).
The essential oil obtained from the leaves is used to treat colds, rheumatism, and nasal congestion.
Low appetite
The leaf powder is taken in a dose of 2-3 grams to improve appetite.
Cough, hoarseness of voice, fever, congestion
2-3 grams of leaf powder is mixed with an equal amount of Mishri / Rock candy. Mishri consist of big white, sweet lumps of crystals. It has demulcent, and cooling properties.
Fever, Headache
- The leaf powder is taken in a dose of 2-3 grams
- The leaves are applied topically.
The Dosage of Talispatra
The recommended dose of leaf powder is 2-3 gm for the treatment of diseases.
In infants, the fresh leaf juice is given in a dose of 5-10 drops in water or mother’s milk for fever, malaria, teething, and cough.
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Talispatra / Himalayan Fir)
- It is hot in potency.
- It should be used cautiously in Pitta prakriti people.
- It has antifertility effect.
- Avoid taking in ulcers, acidity, burning sensation, and ulcerative colitis.
- Excess use can cause vomiting, faintness, convulsions, and many other side effects.
- Always take in recommended amounts.
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